From April 26 to May 4,the Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,in collaboration with 16 other institutions including the Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,conducted a nine-day integrated space-air-ground observation experiment for black soil regions.

This experiment was anintegrated space-air-ground stereoscopic collaborativeobservation experiment supported by the pilot project of the "Black Soil Granary" technological campaign of the Chinese Academyof Sciences. As a crucial link connecting different observation levels, the Chinese Aeronautic Remote Sensing System undertook key tasks such as acquiring high-resolution multi-source remote sensing data for the region and verifying the authenticity of space-air-ground data transmission. To ensure efficient task completion, the Chinese Aeronautic Remote Sensing System fully leveraged the advantages and capabilities of multi-payload collaborative observations. It integrated multiple types of domestic next-generation aerial remote sensing payloads, including multi-spectral optical cameras, hyperspectral cameras, and multi-dimensional synthetic aperture radars. A total of four sorties were conducted at various flight altitudes for multi-payload collaborative observations. The optical observations covered the visible, near-infrared, and shortwave infrared spectra, with a geometric resolution better than 0.3m and a spectral resolution better than 5nm. The microwave observations covered multiple bands including P, L, S, C, X, and Ka, with a geometric resolution ranging from 0.3m to 1m. These efforts provided strong guarantees for the comprehensive, multi-spectral, high-precision, and quantitative monitoring of the black soil demonstration area, ensuring the success of the experiment.

The high Space/hyperspectral resolution aerial multimodal data acquired in this experiment will be used for research on basic terrain analysis of agricultural areas, remote sensing inversion of soil physicochemical parameters, fine mapping of soil remote sensing, and quantitative monitoring of key elements of cultivated land quality in the demonstration area. It will provide scientific data and technical support for diagnosing cultivated land quality and soil health status, preventing and controlling soil erosion, implementing comprehensive watershed management, and producing fine prescription maps for black soil regions, thereby facilitating the sustainable utilization and protection of black soil resources.

In July 2023, the national large-scale scientific facility, the Chinese Aeronautic Remote Sensing System, will continue to conduct multiple sorties of high-precision multi-payload collaborative observations in the Sanjiang demonstration area of the "Black Soil Granary" technological campaign during the peak growth period of crops. This will support the pilot project's comprehensive monitoring of soil, crops, ecology, and cultivated land quality in the demonstration area. It will also provide strong information technology support and infrastructure guarantees for the construction of a spatiotemporally precise multi-element stereoscopic monitoring technology system, the formation of modern agricultural zoning management technologies and classified development models, and the monitoring and evaluation of the application effectiveness of demonstration models in the Sanjiang demonstration area of the "Black Soil Granary."