Milestone results released by the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) on November 16 have solved a decades-old mystery about the cosmic ray energy spectrum—which shows a sharp decrease in cosmic rays above 3 PeV, giving it an unusual knee-like shape.

A new study published in the prestigious journal Nature Astronomy on October 31, 2025, has uncovered a segmented decline in the occurrence rate of hot Jupiters with stellar age, providing the first clear evidence that these giant exoplanets form through multiple distinct mechanisms operating over vastly different timescales. The research, led by an international team using data from China's LAMOST and Europe's Gaia telescopes, also delivers precise constraints on stellar tidal dissipation, resolving long-standing questions about the orbital evolution of close-in planets.

Researchers from SG II facility has made progress in measuring the Power Spectral Density (PSD) of large-gradient wavefronts. The team proposed a wavefront detection method based on knife-edge scanning filtering, which enables precise detection of mid-to-high spatial frequency errors in wavefronts with large gradients.

The research team from SG II facility established a 3D spatiotemporal multi-mode model for multimode lasers, and conducted an in-depth study of the spatiotemporal interactions among these modes. This work enables a quantitative description of the spatiotemporal evolution at any spatial position and temporal slice during light field propagation.

In a study published in Nature Photonics,the Free-electron Laser Team of the Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI),Chinese Academy of Sciences developed an innovative approach by employing beating-frequency laser modulation of electron beams to precisely tailor the beam structure and produce continuously tunable THz radiation.

At the Shenguang-II Facility, researchers have innovatively developed an arbitrary temporal pulse shaping technique utilizing optical waveguide four-wave mixing for high-resolution laser pulse control.

Recently, the research group led by Dr. WANG Junfeng at the High Magnetic Field Laboratory, the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, revealed significant physiological and molecular effects of a 7 T strong magnetic field on magnetotactic bacteria, based on experiments conducted with the laboratory' s superconducting magnet platform.

Recently, a research team led by KUANG Guangli and JIANG Donghui from the High Magnetic Field Laboratory of the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CHMFL), successfully developed a “pocket-type” high-temperature superconducting (HTS) coil. The coil, wound with domestically produced REBa₂Cu₃O₇₋ₓ (REBCO) tapes, generated 28.20 T at zero field in a liquid helium bath and produced an additional 10.36 T inside the 34.5 T steady-state magnetic field of the WM5 water-cooled magnet. Together, the system achieved a record combined magnetic field of 44.86 T.

A collaborated research team led by Prof. MA Yanwei from the Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE) of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), has shattered records in the current-carrying performance of iron-based superconducting wires.

The South Asian Summer Monsoon (SASM) is the world’s most significant monsoon system, providing approximately 80% of the region's annual rainfall—influencing agriculture, water security, and the livelihoods of over a billion people across the Indian Peninsula, the western Indochina Peninsula, and the southern Qinghai-，a recent study published in Nature seeks to address this contradiction by exploring how the SASM responds to warming under six climate scenarios, spanning from the past to the future. Led by researchers from the Institute of Atmospheric Physics at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the study develops a unified framework based on thermodynamic (moisture-driven) and dynamic (wind-driven) processes that govern changes in the SASM, suggesting that insights from past warm climates can inform our understanding of the future SASM.