A team of Chinese astronomers has discovered that the Milky Way’s dark matter halo stands upright, suggesting that our galaxy’s disk may have flipped in the past few billion years due to cosmic interactions.

The strontium optical lattice clock NTSC-Sr2, developed by the National Time Service Center was used as a secondary representation of the second to calibrate International Atomic Time (TAI), marking the first time that an optical clock from China has contributed to steering TAI.

Recently, researchers from the High Magnetic Field Laboratory, the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), in collaboration with the State Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Physics and Chip Technologies at the Institute of Semiconductors, CAS, revealed anomalous oscillatory magnetoresistance in an antiferromagnetic kagome semimetal heterostructure and directly identified its corresponding topological magnetic structures.

China has achieved a 35.6 tesla all-superconducting magnet in an experiment facility, setting a new record, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) said on Tuesday. The all-superconducting magnet, with a central magnetic field of 35.6 tesla and a usable aperture of 35 millimeters was conducted with the Synergetic Extreme Condition User Facility. It is a user magnet designed to support domestic and international research teams in conducting cutting-edge studies.

Deep-sea cold seeps are key channels for seafloor methane, but quantifying their emissions has been challenging, creating uncertainties in the global ocean methane budget. To fill this knowledge gap, a research team from the Institute of Oceanology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (IOCAS) has found that methane emissions from South China Sea cold seeps far exceed previous estimates, providing important scientific evidence for the accounting of oceanic greenhouse gas sources and sinks.

Through studying the observation data of China's gigantic radio telescope located in the country's southwestern Guizhou Province, an international research team has uncovered compelling new evidence supporting a binary-system origin for at least some fast radio bursts (FRBs), one of the most enigmatic phenomena in modern astrophysics.

A research team from the High Magnetic Field Laboratory of the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, together with collaborators from Anhui University, ShanghaiTech University, and the University of New Hampshire, has demonstrated the first electrically controllable generation of hopfions—three-dimensional topological solitons—in a solid-state magnetic system.

A new international analysis has found that the world's oceans absorbed more heat in 2025 than in any year since the start of modern measurements. The 2025 heat gain totalled 23 zetta joules—equivalent to roughly 37 years of global primary energy consumption at 2023 levels, when the world used about 620 exajoules annually.

Recently, the research team from the Joint Laboratory for High-Power Laser Physics at the Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, has made a significant breakthrough in the field of ultrafast spatiotemporal light field measurement. The team developed a Spatiotemporal Wavefront Sensor, achieving for the first time single-shot, self-referenced three-dimensional optical field characterization of spatiotemporal wave packets.

Recently, the research team from Shenguang Ⅱ Laser facility at the Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has realized ultra-flat wavefront sensing and measurement based on photon sieve self-interference technology, addressing the challenge of interferometric measurement for weakly distorted wavefronts.